| 期刊詳細資料 Journal detailed information |
| 作者(Author) | Chien, C., & Ross, S. |
| 篇名(Article title) | Spectator anxiety and internalization: A case of the Chinese Professional
Baseball League |
| 期刊名(Journal name) | International Journal of Sport Management |
| 國際期刊(International Journal) | |
| 中文摘要(Abstrct) | |
| ABSTRCT | The purpose of the study was to examine how the levels of spectator anxiety differ across different levels of internalized professional baseball fans in Taiwan. The results indicated that anxiety levels fluctuated greatly during the seven game championship series. Highly internalized fans exhibited significantly higher levels of anxiety than those with low levels of internalization. Managerial implications through the use of variable pricing and co-marketing are suggested in the paper. The study extends the literature related to anxiety and internalization, and offers the first examination of these constructs in a setting outside of North America. |
| 中文關鍵字(Keyword) | |
| KEYWORD | internalization, cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, sport fans |
| 卷期(Volume No) | Vol. 13 No. 1 |
| 頁數(Page number) | pp. 59~72 |
| 年份(Year) | 2012 |
| 語言(Language) | 英文 English |